SDG 11.1.1 Proportion of urban population living in slums, informal settlements, and inadequate housing
Author: Dannela Jann B. Galias, Yasmin Nikkaela I. Cajipe
Abstract:
This study proposes a localized methodology for estimating SDG 11.1.1 or the proportion of urban population living in slums, informal settlements, or inadequate housing in the Philippines, offering a more comprehensive approach than the current monitoring practice, which relies on proxy indicators focused solely on tenure security. By incorporating a range of criteria, such as the size of the living area, access to improved water and sanitation, structural quality of housing units, and housing affordability, the methodology provides a nuanced understanding of the urban population’s living conditions, particularly those in slums, informal settlements, or inadequate housing. While the approach yields more comprehensive estimates, it is limited by differences in data collection methods across Family Income and Expenditure Survey (FIES) years. Additionally, the estimation could be improved by incorporating disaggregated data on housing-related expenditures, such as real estate taxes and housing insurance, from FIES 2021, and data on mortgage payments. The study recommends adopting this localized methodology for future monitoring to inform targeted interventions, with an emphasis on addressing housing affordability challenges not only for slum dwellers/informal settlers but also for the rest of the urban population. By refining the data collection process and expanding data use, more effective urban housing policies can be developed to promote inclusive and sustainable growth.
Keywords:urban planning and development, SDG 11.1.1, cities and human settlements, adequate housing, inadequate housing, slums, informal settlements, housing